The intensity modulator with external DC bias is a high-performance 40 GHz (40 Gb/s) modulator that has a single-ended drive configuration with a fixed chirp coefficient of ?à0.7 and an industry-leading low RF drive voltage (5.5 V). The LN05S has a Mach-Zehnder interferometric architecture with external DC bias, ideal for both NRZ and RZ data format solutions. The LN27S and the LN66S are high-performance 40 GHz (40 Gb/s) phase modulators, allowing for chirp control in high-speed data communications. These modulators, which can support data rates up to 43 Gb/s, are also ideal for applications in coherent communications, sensing, all-optical frequency shifting, and data encryption.